Uncertainty creates risk, according to a report by California Department of Housing and Community Development, and risk influences what developers will proposed to build in the city of San Francisco.

In a report released Wednesday, the housing agency found that affordable developers who worked in neighboring cities said they could not work within San Francisco because entitlement — the review phase that precedes the application for a building permit — was too uncertain and difficult.  

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Ruth Dusseault is an investigative reporter and multimedia journalist focused on environment and energy. Her position is supported by the California local news fellowship, a statewide initiative spearheaded by UC Berkeley aimed at supporting local news platforms. While a student at UC Berkeley’s Graduate School of Journalism (c’23), Ruth developed stories about the social and environmental circumstances of contaminated watersheds around the Great Lakes, Mississippi River and Florida’s Lake Okeechobee. Her thesis explored rights of nature laws in small rural communities. She is a former assistant professor and artist in residence at Georgia Tech’s School of Architecture, and uses photography, film and digital storytelling to report on the engineered systems that undergird modern life.